Shoot to an outline for a Photo Story or Essay

The arabica coffee is grown in high altitudes under the shade as you can see with this plant in Mexico.

Being busy does not always mean real work. The object of all work is production or accomplishment and to either of these ends there must be forethought, system, planning, intelligence, and honest purpose, as well as perspiration. Seeming to do is not doing.

--Thomas A. Edison 

A few blogs earlier I talked about the importance of picking a good subject. Here is a link to that blog.

Once you have your subject, take the time construct an outline of how you would tell the story.

Here are some photos from my last coverage on a coffee farmers cooperative in Mexico. I am going back to do more stories on them in November.

As the coffee growers brought in groups from churches and civic groups to see how their cooperative was doing that helped them to then add water filtration for their communities from the profits.

Take these categories if you need to as a starting place and fill in for each one of these things you would shoot.

1. Opener: Sets the scene for the story
2. Decisive moment: The one moment that can by itself tell the story
3. Details: Besides being like visual candy to the story, help often with transitions--especially in multimedia packages
4. Sequences: give a little variety to a situation
5. High overall shot: Gives a good perspective to how the elements all fit together
6. Closer: Besides the classic shot of the cowboy riding off into the sunset there are other visual ways to help bring the story to a close
7. Portraits: These photos are great for introducing the characters of the story

Because I had a list of things that coffee farmers families benefited from, when I saw this moment of the kids taking their projects to school and the joy on this girl's face let me know I could check this off the list.

These are from a story I did on coffee farmers in Mexico that formed a cooperative. Before the cooperative they made so little money many of them were crossing the border as illegal immigrants so they could work to earn enough to feed their families which usually stayed behind.

Part of the process of coffee is spreading it out on concrete slabs and letting it dry. No need to shoot this over and over, I had it.

I needed to tell two stories. First about how the coffee the cooperative grows is the finest Arabica. I also needed to tell the story that after joining the cooperative the lives of the farmers and their families got a lot better.

I am working on the story of the coffee cooperative farmers in Mexico when one night we are told we will go and enjoy a meal by some of the coffee farmers wives. They have formed a cooperative and running a take out restaurant. While the photo isn't stellar, the fact that the concept of the cooperative was moving beyond just coffee was showing the power of forming a cooperative.

As you are there one day this incredible moment happens that you had not planned for or even knew this happened. You make a portfolio shot even. You add this to the package. In the end when you put your total package together it might make the cut and it might not. The point is you can go off script, but the script helps you tell the story.

You may even change up the outline as you are shooting. Having the outline helps you start and navigate the story better than getting up in the morning grabbing your camera and just waiting for something to happen so you can capture it.

“By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail.”

― Benjamin Franklin

Here is a brief outline of what I had before shooting the story on the coffee cooperative.

1. Showing the coffee on the plant and being harvested
2. Removal of what is left of the fruit from the bean
3. Drying coffee on slabs of concrete
4. Roasting the coffee
5. Bagging the coffee and grinding the coffee
6. Coffee farmers working in each of those settings
7. Coffee farmers in their homes
8. The families and what they do (mainly to show before and after)
9. Show how dangerous crossing the border is for a person 
1. Showing them remembering all those who died crossing
2. Showing putting water in desert for crossers
3. Maybe show some in the desert waiting to cross in darkness
10. Show what happens when they are caught

Without a list you may spend 80% of your time just on growing the coffee, but by having a list you then can divide your time up and have a storyline that will come together.

Great Photographers pick better subjects

Girl worker in Carolina Cotton Mill, 1908 photo by Lewis Hine

Lewis Hine's photographs of children working as slave labor in plants was instrumental in changing the child labor laws in the United States.

Spinner in Vivian Cotton Mills, Cherryville, N.C. photo by Lewis Hine

The subject is paramount for Hine. His work was poorly reproduced because they just didn't have good standards back then. You don't read about Lewis Hine complaining about the work being printed poorly. The reason is simple, he was more concerned about the subject matter getting seen and letting it impact the audience.

Hine understood that photography was a tool that helped him convey a passion in a subject. Photography was not to be the end result for Hine. He wanted the country to see the conditions that children were being asked to work in for what was basically a slave labor role.

Photo I took while working at The Hickory Daily Record

My first full-time job as a photographer was working for the Hickory Daily Record. One of my daily ongoing assignments was the feature photograph. I was to make a photograph of the community that would engage the audience.

It didn't take long before I realized I had very few ideas. I then took an idea from my family of ministers. They often preached on themes.

I started thinking of what city workers did each day for us. I then thought of what are some of the hardest jobs to have on a hot day.

What I was doing was searching for a subject. Over time I learned how to do a better job of finding subjects.

1. Get a notebook and carry it with you. Make a list of things that interest you. Start with things that you know a lot about. The best place is to start with your hobbies and interests.
2. Find three or four topics that interest you. The first mistake many of us make is picking just one subject to start with. It is important to select more than one subject from the start. Go to the library or an Internet-connected computer at home and conduct a preliminary search of each topic.
   
3. Determine which project idea can be supported with plenty of published material. This way, you will be able to select a final topic that is both interesting and feasible.
4. Must be visual. When you first do this you will most likely scratch off things that later in your career you would put back. At first figuring out how to photograph abstract thoughts like philosophy will not make the cut, but later as you get better you will discover a new way to capture those thoughts.
5. Must be ongoing. You really need a subject that you can revisit over and over to fully explore all the possibilities. A good subject will be thought provoking. As you edit your photos and think about what you are trying to say about the subject that you find better ways to communicate.
6. Of interest to an audience. You cannot be self centered or your audience is one. If this is overemphasized you become like the paparazzi who tracks celebrities due to the audience willing to pay a lot for access to the subject. David Hurn says in the book On Being a Photographer, "So there is a very fine line between pandering to popular appeal and a respectful consideration of viewers'/listeners' attention-span or interest in the content."

This is a group of illegal immigrants just across the border from New Mexico in Mexico as they prepare to cross with the help of a coyote. 

One of my subjects is missions. One of the subjects within missions is helping people. Lately I have become more aware of the problems with illegal immigration. What are the causes for this to be happening to people?

While I know the problem is super complex I do know one of the root causes is lack of opportunity where someone lives and they look for a place that can sustain them.

A few years ago I covered one part of this by digging deep into the coffee growers in Mexico that were crossing the border illegally. Hard to understand when global coffee consumption is second to crude oil. The number 2 commodity in the world and yet as I drink my $5 cup of coffee we had illegal coffee farmers here because they could not support themselves or their families.

I am returning to do a follow up story this fall.  Here is my first package I produced to help this cooperative spread their message. It has helped all the cooperative farmers to remain in Mexico and not just get by but thrive.

In Mexico the peak time to pick coffee is November through March.

Like Lewis Hine who had to plan his coverages, I too have made plans to cover coffee. First I needed to pick the best time of year to see the operation. By planning my trip between November and March in Mexico I will have the best opportunity to see the coffee on the plant and capture the entire process.

I am going early November due to the weather being the best time for travel.

Access to the process requires me to work with the coffee growers and work with a translator since I do not speak Spanish.

There are two main stories I want to capture on this trip in some various ways. I want to show how this is high end coffee and tell the story of the coffee itself. Also, I think the story of how coffee is impacting the families of the coffee growers.

Why these two threads? Well I have discovered from reading books by Seth Godin and others.

Seth Godin says create a story that shows how you're different which helps to earn you the right to sell to people. Then the second thing he stresses is to sell the story rather than the product. Too many make the mistake of thinking buyers base their decisions on logic. People pay up to $5 a quart for bottled water because (so the story goes) it's "healthier" than tap water.